Not a lot of men have heard about anti-sperm antibodies as they are not common. This is a condition when the immune system mistakenly targets and attacks sperm. As a result, sperm is no longer able to fertilize eggs. According to the medical evidence, not only men but also women can make anti-sperm antibodies. 

The causes in men and women should be distinguished. As for men, the immune system starts to damage sperm when it comes into the contact with blood. This happens in case of prostate infections and injuries to testicles. The condition might be triggered by vasectomy - testicle surgery. 

When it comes to women, females produce anti-sperm antibodies when they turn out to be allergic to semen. 

Getting tested in the only way to confirm the presence of the antibodies. In women, their blood sample is used whereas in men, the test is done on their sperm. 

Doctors often treat males with medications that reduce the intensity of immune response to sperm. As for female patients, intrauterine insemination is the most effective treatment that can be performed. This is a procedure when sperm is put directly into uterus so that it does not come into a contact with anti-sperm antibodies in cervical mucus.